WarpOne - Remote Access Router

FAQ -- Frequently Asked Questions

This page contains answers to common questions handled by our support staff, along with some tips and tricks that we have found useful and presented here as questions.

1. What is ZyFIND technology?
2. I am moving my Router from one Class C (A or B) address to another. How do I change its IP address?
3. I don’t know the IP address of my Router, how do I find it?
4. What is a Net Mask of 00000000 in the routing table?
5. What is a Network Number of 00000000 in the routing table?
6. When I change certain parameters they appear to have no effect on the system operation?
7. My Router shows the IP address 192.22.22.1 when I use CoolFig or ZING diagnostics, what does this mean?
8. What is MPPP?
9. In CoolFig's Router Wizard Step 5 when should I use the 'All Addresses' option (Class C addresses only)?
10. What is a Class C (or B or A) IP address?
11. How do I load a new application into my Router?
12. How do I take a diagnostic Dump of the Router?
13. I get 'Socket timed out' after loading a new application with Control Server, how do I start the new application.

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Q1: What is ZyFIND technology?

A: ZyFIND is a protocol developed by ZyTrax that allows a ZyTrax Router connected to the local LAN to be ‘discovered’ (Routers respond with their IP address, serial number and Name) irrespective of the current IP addressing on the local LAN. The protocol allows the Router’s IP address to be changed in situ and without resorting to clumsy solutions such as using a serial interface to do IP address allocation and subsequent changing.

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Q2: I am moving my Router from one Class C (A or B) address to another. How do I change its IP address?

A: Connect the Router into the local LAN in which it will operate, run CoolFig and specify the IP address that you want to allocate to the Router in the Route Wizard. It will fail to find the IP address on your LAN, issue a ZyFIND sequence and display a list of IP addresses. Simply double click on the one you want to change IP address and the address is changed.

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Q3: I don’t know the IP address of my Router, how do I find it?

A: If ZING is loaded click ‘Info’ from the menu select Diagnostic, then ‘Display Routers’ this will display a list of all ZyTrax Routers connected to your local LAN. Or load CoolFig and click on the Diagnostic button to display a list of all ZyTrax Router IP addresses connected to the local LAN. Control Server (NT_Ser) also supports this feature.

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Q4: What is a NetMask of 00000000 in the routing table?

A: This is the default route NetMask. All traffic which has no other route defined will be routed through the default route.

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Q5: What is a Network Number of 00000000 in the routing table?

A: This is the default route Network Number. All traffic which has no other route defined will be routed through the default route.

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Q6: When I change certain parameters they appear to have no effect on the system operation?

A: Certain configuration parameters require you to reset your Router before they take effect. The following list indicates when parameter changes become effective:

After System Reset:

Any addition or change in the Routing Table (in SNMP zytrax/router/ip/routeTable)

When the Next Connection occurs for the Route:

Any parameter that affects the negotiation of MPPP (LCP, IPCP) (in SNMP zytrax/router/zmp zmpTable and zmpSecrets entries)

NOTE: To force a re-connection, remove the ISDN from the Router and immediately re-insert.

After an ISDN line re-initialize:

Changes to any of the Directory Numbers for the Router or ISDN configuration set by the ISDN Line Configuration window (in SNMP zytrax/router/isdnconfig)

NOTE: To force ISDN to re-initialize with the new variables either remove the power cord or remove the ISDN line and immediately re-insert).

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Q7: My Router shows the IP address 192.22.22.1 when I use CoolFig or ZING diagnostics, what does this mean?

A: Each ZyTrax Router maintains its configuration details (including its IP address) in an SNMP MIB maintained in on-board FLASH. If this FLASH has become corrupted for any reason it is re-initialized to the special IP address 192.22.22.1 (an Internet Test address). to restore the configuration load CoolFig, select the IP address then run Update Router (Full) from the file menu of the Toolbar button. This is a serious problem and you should also submit an incident report to ZyTrax indicating what events were taking place when this MIB loss occurred.

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Q8: What is MPPP?

A: MPPP is Multilink Point-to-Point protocol and is defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in the specification RFC 1990. MPPP is sometimes incorrectly referred to as ‘bonding’ (which was a rival – now moribund – specification). MPPP uses the term ‘bundling’.

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Q9: In CoolFig's Router Wizard Step 5 when should I use the 'All Addresses' option (Class C addresses only)?

A: If you are defining a LAN configuration which consists of a number of off-site subnets in the same Class C range as the local LAN then the Class C address range can become very fragmented. This may require multiple entries in the Routing Table to ensure that all stations are addressable from all locations. It is very easy to make a mistake. Selecting the 'All Addresses' option allows CoolFig to add the minimum Routes to ensure that all Hosts are addressable on the LAN (CoolFig will occasionally use non-contiguous NetMask when performing this operation).

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Q10: What is a Class C (or B or A) IP address?

A: The Internet has defined 5 classes of IP address based on the first 3 bits of the IP address. The three most commonly used classes are A, B and C.

Class A addresses have 16,777,216 host addresses available (in tech jargon the host id is 24 bits long).

Class B addresses have 65,536 host addresses available (in tech jargon the host id is 16 bits long).

Class C addresses have 256 addresses available (in tech jargon the host id part is 8 bits long).

Increasingly Class D addresses are becoming more common because they are used in IP Multicasting.

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Q11: How do I load a new application into my Router?

A: Assuming you have downloaded the required application and installed it to a directory, proceed as follows

1. Load Control Server (NT_Ser)
2. Ensure the Control Bar has the correct IP address (if not select the Config menu and enter the required IP address)
3. Select Load -> ZyLoad
4. Click 'Select File' to display the Open File dialog box, find the directory into which you expanded the Router applications click 'Open' on this display.
5. The message 'Waiting for Router to initialize..' will be displayed in the left hand window (takes about 20 seconds)
6. When loading starts it takes approximate 40 seconds on the LAN or 3.5 minutes over ISDN.
7. When the Load is complete (message is displayed in the left hand window and the 'Start Loaded App' button is enabled.
8. To start the application click 'Start Loaded App' IMMEDIATELY followed by the 'Cancel button'
9. Your Router will reset and load the new application for a probationary period defined by the MIB values sysFailTime1 or sysFailTime2 depending on whether the application was loaded into High or Low FLASH.

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Q12: How do I take a diagnostic Dump of the Router?

A: To take a diagnostic dump of the Router proceed as follows:

1. Load Control Server (NT_Ser)
2. Ensure the correct IP address appears in the control Bar (if not select Config from the menu and enter the required IP address)
3. Select Diagnosis -> Dump & Reset
4. In the box marked Dump to File' enter the full path of the file you want to dump to (e.g. c:\temp\mydump.txt) then click 'READ'. The dump will proceed and the percentage completion is show on the status line.
5. Dumps may be viewed or printed using Notepad (or any text editor).

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Q13 I get 'Socket timed out' after loading a new application with Control Server, how do I start the new application?

This message occurs if the 'Cancel' button is not selected immediately after the 'Start Loaded App.' button is clicked and is a know problem that ZyTrax is working on a solution for. To start the new application proceed as follows:

1. Select SNMP -> Full SNMP

2. Expand zytrax\router\system

3. Select the entry sysState and display it in the right-hand window by double clicking (should be '0').

4. Double click in the right-hand window to move to the edit window and change the value to '4' (without the quotation marks). Click the 'Update' button.

5. 'Cancel' the SNMP display.

6. Select Diagnosis -> Dump & Reset

7. Click 'RESET' to reset the Router and load the new application under 'Probation'.

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Problems, comments, suggestions, corrections (including broken links) or something to add? Please take the time from a busy life to 'mail us' (at top of screen), the webmaster (below) or info-support at zytrax. You will have a warm inner glow for the rest of the day.